Wall and like plug or socket.



J. LRAWLINGS'.

WALL AND LIKE PLUG 0R SOCKET.

Patented Apr. 15, 1913 APPLICATION FILED DBO. 23, 1912.

C70 ZIL (ZiRau/Zzh 5 JOHN :iosnrn mwnmos, or nomaox; ENGLAND.

' WALL AND LIKE race on social.

' Specification of Letters Patent. Patented 31 15, 1913,

Application filed December-23, 1912. Serial no; 738,817. I

I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN Josnrn Raw- LINGS, a subject, of the King of Great Brit--. ain, residing at London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Wall and Like Plugs or Sockets, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to pl s or sockets for enabling screws and other ttings to be secured in plaster, marble, metal and other materials by increasing thearea and grip of the holding surfaces. 2

Heretofore such plugs orsockets hav been made of wood and like hard materials,

but these materials are not of a suitable nature to adapt themselves to the interstices between the particles of the material in which said plugs or sockets are to be placed.

. According to the present invention there is employed for the purposes above mentioned a tube of soft material which is weak along longitudinal lines, such tube being built up or made inte ally from vegetable,-

mineral or animal bers and other substances or materials, for example, cotton, jute, hemp, asbestos, hair, paper pulp, hard rubber compositions, cardboard, paper, leather, skins or the like. Any of the said materials may-be made :into threads or strips which are packedlongitudinally by a mandrel and die into. the form of a tubular plug orsocket. These threads or strips are joined or cemented together in the tubular form by means of tissue paper andglue, starch and the like, or by means of glue, starch or simi lar sticky compound alone. As an alternative such tube can be composed of semi stiff threads held together by. a weak weaving of any of the above mentioned fibers, preferably a weak cotton weaving, or a tube may be formed by extruding pu p through a die provided with a suitab e mandrel and 'with projections adapted to produce lines of weakening in the extruded tube. In this case, the pulpy material along the hnes of weakening replaces the cement or the like used for binding together the threads or strips, above mentioned. 'Whichever alternative is adopted the object of such; tlssue paper or cementingor weak weaving or other lines of weakening is that the tube may readily burst when expanded under the strain of the fixing screw. By this means the threads or strips are separated and adapt themselves to the interstices of the surrounding particles forming the walls'of the be by hole and thus give morez' 'perfect grip throughout theentire length of all parts of the thread of the screw.

The preferred method of carrying out the manufacture of the above is to draw from reels the required number of threads or strips through a rlie in which is inserted a mandrel as aforesaid which arranges such threadsin the form of atube, the ,threads being held together by a coating of lue, cement, starch, wax, paste -made om cereals, gum or othersimilar material; Such tube passes from aforesaid mandr'e and die to drawing-in rollers and on its way to such rollers it may be dried by hot air or; it may .be dried on the said rollers by heating the interior of the same, or as a further alter- IHIlZlXG after passin the said rollers. The

tube is afterward ut up into the lengths which it is desired ithe'plug or'socket should means of a; rotary or other cutter. The thickness of'the material composing the tubes can of course be'ivaried', as also the length or circumference of the same as may be desired: V

The article to be manufactured, and the preferred methods of carrying out. such manufacture, are illustrated in the accompanying drawin whereof Figures 1 an "2 are respectively, a longitudinal section and an end view of a'completed tubular plug or socket made from threads or strips; Fi 3 is a transverse section of a plug made om pulp; Fig. 4 is an end view of a plug made fromthreads or strips connected together by tissue paper or by weaving; Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view showingt-he expanding action of the screw upon the plug'when' the latter is in place; Fig}. 6 is an end view of the plug, showing ting in transverse section.

Referring to said drawing, and moreparticularly to Figs. 1 and 2, there is shown a tubular plug or socket composed of segments A in the formof longitudinal threads or strips which aremade of soft material, for

instance, animal, vegetable or mineral fibers,

or any. of the other substances or materials previously mentioned. These threads or 3 strips are packed longitudinally, by means of a mandrel and die more particularly hereinafter mentioned. Where I use pulp, the die is formed as illustrated in Fig. .3 and the pulp is extruded under pressure through such die in the form of a tube whichforms e same action, the screw appearconstitutes part of the 10 the plug, oras analternative the die can be of such a shape as will extrude the material in separate segments 'as threads which are afterward joined or cemented to ther. In all cases; of whatever material make the saidplu as aforesaid, .the threads or strips are ren ered stiff longitudinally by being coated with any 'suita le material such as gums, glue, starch, cereals and the like. Such stiifen' can be applied simultaneously with t e formationof the tube and itudinal cementing abovementioned w 'ch forms the threads into the tube. Where I use tissue paper or' weaving the threads or strips are renderedstifi in the same manner'and the paper or weaving is used in such a manner as to form the tube as illustrated in Fig. 4 where B. indicates the tissue or weaving surrounding the segments A as in Fig. 2.

- While I havedescribed above a method of carrying out the manufacture which I prefer .and which method I find satisfactory, I

a hole made in also find that 'it is not necessary to heat the rollers but to dothe major part of the drying before reaching the rollers.

In Fig. 5 the gug is shown as inserted in e wall 0. The screw D is walls thereof and to split the joints between the segments A, (Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 6). In Fig. 6 the expanding of the se ents A and their breaking apart from eac other under the influence of the taper screw are shown. In Fig.';3 reviously referred to, it will be observed t at PI'OHSiOll is made between vmust be of such character as to readily burst or strain 0 en to allowthe segments A being expan ed as before mentioned.

What I claim is:

A socket to receive screws and like fittin consisting of fibers arran ed longitudinal y in the form of a tube an held together in such form by means of a weak cement.

JOHN JOSEPH RAWLINGS.

Witnesses:

GEORGE HARRISON, CONRAD K. VAL RENSTEI'N.

partly driven into said plug to expand the 

